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Quit the Drama Cycle

Henrike Schreer • Feb 24, 2021

The 'Drama Cycle' or 'Drama Triangle' is a brilliant concept by psychiatrist Stephen Karpman that explains conflict and social dynamics within difficult relationships, for example in families or in the workplace. 

Have a look at the different roles you might be playing in different situations:

The Victim
The person in this position is feeling or acting like a victim. Their attitude is "Poor me!" and they feel oppressed, powerless, hard done by, helpless, hopeless and potentially even ashamed of themselves or the situation they are in, whilst not taking responsibility to change anything. In an almost child like way, they are unable (or unwilling?) to make decisions, solve problems or move out of their rut. Instead, they seek out help in the form of a Rescuer who will save the day but - when eventually frustrated enough to turn into a Persecutor - will perpetuate the Victim's negative feelings and defensiveness. Just like you might have heard before: "If you argue hard enough for your limitations, you get to keep them." - So unless the victim chooses to step up and take responsibility, they will remain in the same immature and therefore frustrating and unfulfilling position. 
Please note: We are talking about a behavioural issue here - this does not refer to victims of abuse or domestic violence. That's a different context!


The Rescuer

The rescuer's attitude is "Let me help you." However, instead of actually helping the victim by empowering them, they act as an enabler, feeling good about themselves for being capable and competent in comparison. In this way, their 'support' keeps the victim dependent and doesn't challenge them to try something unfamiliar, risk failure and experience the consequences of their actions. Why would the rescuer do this? Because with their energy focused on someone else, they can conveniently ignore their own shortcomings. Their concern for the victim’s needs is, in actual fact, and avoidance of their own problems, while potentially building up a sense of entitlement along the lines of "After all I have done for you ..." - a victim mentality of their own.


The Persecutor (or Blamer) 

"It's all your fault." insists the Persecutor. Controlling, critical, oppressive, angry, authoritarian and superior, they might have been either in the victim position or in rescuer mode previously, and have had enough. However, whilst asserting their power, their rigid attitude isn't helping either. They can see that the victim-rescuer dynamic isn't leading anywhere, but they choose anger and frustration, instead of holding their opponents accountable in a resourceful way.


So what to do?

Watch the video below to see the full cycle play out and hear about strategies for a mature approach. Once you see it for what it is, it will be easier to take an empowering and solution-oriented stance and exit the cycle for good.


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